Terms and Conditions | Privacy Policy 2023 all rights reserved, Stakeholder Relationship Management - March 16, 2022, Stakeholder Engagement Planning - February 24, 2022, Stakeholder Engagement Planning - February 17, 2022. 2. perhaps a, townhall would be beneficial for a larger group, decide how much time may be required from your team and whether you might have to consider bringing on more team members for the project, As we mentioned in benefit #1, key stakeholders have the potential to impact your project negatively or positively, so identifying them early, and building relationships from the start is, focus on how stakeholders could negatively impact project, , its important to remember that stakeholders have lived experience. The stakeholder cube captures eight possibilities, as shown in the figure below. Strengths and Limitations of Stakeholder Engagement Methods - Engaging Stakeholders To Identify and Prioritize Future Research Needs - NCBI Bookshelf Engaging Stakeholders To Identify and Prioritize Future Research Needs [Internet]. They have power, and you dont want them to use it against your project. 6. Thirdly, it increases the efficiency of communication. An example of sucha stakeholderwould be the general public or a bystander. 3. Show details Contents From: Appendix G, Strengths and Limitations of Stakeholder Engagement Methods The power of influence is the ability or potential of the stakeholder to influence the workings or outcomes of a project. Usually, a stakeholder communication plan will be drafted shortly after, planning out how each will be engaged. Insignificant active backers are friends of the project. These types of problems generally cannot be predicted by the managers. Or, you can open the floor to all groups ("What strengths have you noted?") Fully customisable templates that will conform to any framework. Granted, a stakeholder may be interested in the project, but what is their motive? If appropriate, prepare a written summary of the SWOT analysis to share withparticipants for continued use in planning and implementation. Known both as a stakeholder matrix and a power-interest grid, this technique can visualize who is part of the project, their level of concern (interest), and how much control (power) the stakeholders have to modify a projects direction. Were going to explain the benefits of it, including why you should be doing it. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. ), Legislation (Do new federal requirements make your job harderor easier?). Some of these will probably be strengths. Designate a recorder to back up the leader if your group is large. Stakeholder mapping is a visual representation of stakeholders of a project or a product outlined on a map. Let us first look at the top leftquadrant. Read More What is Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix in Project Management?Continue, Project management is about managing stakeholder requirements, and stakeholder analysis is a key to this process. However you will often come across stakeholder maps that put other stakeholders at the center. The Community Tool Box is a service of the. Depending on the nature of your group and the time available, let all participants introduce themselves. Identifying your opportunities for success in context of threats to success can clarify directions and choices. They can voice their concerns on social media. There are three components to stakeholder theory: Descriptive accuracy Instrumental power Normative validity Descriptive accuracy is used to outline the corporations' behavior. Now let us look at the second of the stakeholder mapping techniques. The first benefit of a stakeholder map is that it will eventually form the foundation of your stakeholder engagement strategy. Communicate portfolio performance easily to stakeholders. michael lombard actor obituary; justinas duknauskas biography; organic valley grassmilk yogurt discontinued Getting Your Projects Into Shape. Developing a strategy for a large body of stakeholders may be difficult, so in this method, you group them according to their requirements/expectations, power, interest, or influence. Stakeholder mapping helps group stakeholders, which you then can analyze to develop a stakeholder engagement plan. Make it easy for teams to track their data, find the information they need and compile useful reports in seconds. Strengths: These are internal factors (factors you can control) that set your project or business up for success. Detailed explanation: c. A S.W.O.T. Good communication keeps crucial stakeholders on board. While its common tofocus on how stakeholders could negatively impact projects, its important to remember that stakeholders have lived experiencesand knowledge that can also strengthen your project. The predictable problems are those that can be anticipated. Dependent stakeholders possess legitimacy and urgency but lack the authority or power to enforce or coerce. It is extremely important to keep these stakeholders satisfied. However, it is not very difficult to deal with them as these problems are predictable. This is a natural part of stakeholder management, and often when a large number of stakeholders are present, a conflict resolution procedure will need to be drafted. You can use the following techniques in stakeholders mapping: This is the most popular method. A SWOT analysis focuses on Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. For example, stakeholders with significant interest in the project may have detailed, regular updates, whereas stakeholders with less interest may receive infrequent, summarised reports of project progress. We shall also see how we can use it to improveproject management. Once youvefinishedyour stakeholder mappingexercise,its time to move on to thestakeholder analysis process. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. In this age of socialmedia,wecanhave people who face certain problems with the project or the firm. Donate now. The size of these depends on the size of your entire group breakout groups can range from three to ten. You cannot capture all 600 persons in the stakeholder register. Communicating with each one in the right way can play a vital part in keeping them "on board." This article is about how to communicate effectively with stakeholders. Your contribution can help change lives. Interest: This is the expectation or involvement in the project. The stakeholder cube is a very interesting way of mapping and is a tool to be deployed when strategizing how to manage stakeholders. His passion is to understand what people would like to learn and provide them with knowledge and resources for each stage. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(4003961, 'd2e206f3-727f-4ec0-bb18-101518befbf1', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Benefit #1:Stakeholdermapping helps youto categorize your stakeholders bydecidingwherethey fall in terms of their influence (high/low) and interest (high/low) regarding your project. And why is it important? These people represent the interests of the environment. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. A realistic recognition of the weaknesses and threats that exist for your effort is the first step to countering them with a robust set of strategies that build upon strengths and opportunities. 1. Using Public Records and Archival Data, Section 20. We will discuss the process of creating the analysis below, but first here are a few sample layouts for your SWOT analysis. https://powerslides.com/powerpoint-business/business-analysis-templates/force-field-analysis/, Nielsen Norman Group Stakeholder analysis. The customers who pay for a project may have much higher influence overthedecisions than the bystanders. Find out what we offer and how it can work for you. With all those details, ecosystems can become very complex, so they often demand different zoom levels. Today, we will discuss stakeholder engagement in project management. The more relaxed, friendly and constructive the setting, the more truthful, comprehensive, insightful, and useful your analysis will be. In the office, a person undergoes many new processes, work, and experiences, so, learning agility is a crucial strength for any professional to perform consistently. The biggest weakness being that the national government could not force the states to obey their laws. Finally, a formalized stakeholder mapping also takes away the ambiguity in other types of grouping. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Give the groups 20-30 minutes to brainstorm and fill out their own strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats chart for your program, initiative or effort. The parameters are power, urgency, and legitimacy. Working together helps ensure everyone is on the same pagefrom thevery beginning, which isanessentialingredientin effective stakeholder management! A good SWOT analysis includes a full analysis of each point (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) as well as a clear and concise way of displaying the end results. This can prove vital in time and budget planning later on, as the early indication of stakeholder engagement resource use can be built into the project plan from the outset. Prioritize stakeholders: Create a plan on how to engage with them. If the size gets much larger, some members may not participate. Possessing the capacity to cope with failures and trying to learn from past mistakes. To date, thousands of professionals have passed the PMP exam using my resources. Create stakeholder maps with Smaply, its free! Manage them carefully. The Articles of Confederation was the first plan for governing the nation. You can also define it as an ability to influence the work. Map stakeholders: Create a visualization to understand the ecosystem. Change is an inevitable part of community organizing. Qualitative Methods to Assess Community Issues, Section 16. These are the people who have the strongest connection with the activitiesandthe outcomes. Without stakeholder mapping, you will struggle to categorize or analyze your stakeholders well. Although any problem that arises from these types of stakeholders could be problematic, they can be handled quite easily. These kinds of outbursts are totally unpredictable. These people would have a minimal amount of power and they wont have an active interest in acting in support or against. Here you plot power on the vertical axis, and the level of interest is on the horizontal axis. You will fulfill their needs because of legitimacy, but they are not normally given priority. It can reveal different stakeholders expectations that you should consider along with your project. Benefit #5:Stakeholder mapping helps bring your team together. Developing and Using Criteria and Processes to Set Priorities, Section 24. Sign up for the Smaply newsletter and get inspiring news about CX management, industry insights, learning resources and much more. That interest can have a positive or negative impact on the project execution. PMP, PMI-RMP. Other examples are the management of the performing organizations, STEERCO (project steering committees), and customer organizations. Determining Service Utilization, Section 15. It . Also, maps can have a very specific focus, for example analyzing internal stakeholders only, analyzing national stakeholders, or analyzing stakeholders who are involved in a very specific step of the customer journey. This is a PMI-approved 35 contact hours training program and it is based on the latest exam content outline applicable from Jan 2nd, 2021. Influential active backers are beyond friends; they are saviors and have the power to rescue or salvage a situation. Find a stakeholder map template to download here! It increases self-awareness. These stakeholders will then more likely support you, and their input can also improve the quality of your project. SWOT is not the only assessment technique you can use. This is the most popular Question Bank for the PMP Exam. Produce reports easily with data aggregation tools. Is Social Support more important than you think? perhaps avirtualtownhall would be beneficial for a larger groupwho needs to hear similar messaging). Your chart, list or table will certainly reveal patterns. These cookies do not store any personal information. Project managers must ensure that they engage the stakeholders throughout the project life cycle. General areas to consider: Don't be too modest when listing your strengths. By creating a stakeholder map, you can group them into categories based on similarities. Learn more aboutengaging with these stakeholder engagement tips! Understanding and Describing the Community, Section 3. - Engaging Stakeholders To Identify and Prioritize Future Research Needs - NCBI Bookshelf Engaging Stakeholders To Identify and Prioritize Future Research Needs [Internet]. Here we see that the power is high, but the predictability is low. All Rights Reserved. A stakeholder map helps you build sound communication management and stakeholder engagement plan. Stakeholder Analysis, Read More Stakeholder Analysis in Project Management: Definition & ExampleContinue, Your email address will not be published. Now let us look at a relatively contemporary perspectiveatstakeholder mapping. A sociogram is a graphic representation of social relationships in many settings and can be used perfectly in a stakeholder mapping context. Influential active blockers are saboteurs. The two most common advantages include: Business experience. Additionally, we can have stakeholders that our internal like the employees. "Not engaged" describes people who are psychologically unattached to their work and company. This is the stakeholders level of concern about a project or their desire to be involved. If you know how to take stock of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, you are more likely to plan and act effectively. Weaknesses. Compare it withother assessment toolsin the Community Tool Boxto determine if this is the right approach for your situation. Provides new perspectives on the company and its business. Implementing Photovoice in Your Community, Section 21. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. As Radha Balamuralikrishna and John C. Dugger of Iowa State University point out, SWOT usually reflects your current position or situation. Now you understand these attributes, lets discuss the power/interest grid model. Now it's time to simplify your project, learn what key players influence your service and how they are connected! 2. You may have several stakeholders, who would previously have been considered as separate entities. Seeking supportsfor evaluation? An example of this is the residents surrounding a community construction project. This is also the relationship of the stakeholder to the firm. Find articles, request training, and provide ideas for new features. This information can also help you todecide how much time may be required from your team and whether you might have to consider bringing on more team members for the projector hiring an external contractor tohelp. Understand the relevance of each stakeholder group. The stakeholders influence inaproject can be either based upon their contribution or based upon the outcome. Once a list has been generated, it helps to refine it to the best 10 or fewer points so that the analysis can be truly helpful. Arranging Assessments That Span Jurisdictions, other assessment toolsin the Community Tool Box, conducting public forums and listening sessions, Center for Community Health and Development. This is also how you can tell whether or not a company acts in a customer-centered way: if the customer is not at the center of a stakeholder map, there is definitely room for improvement. We can do this byILMmethod. The level of interest can predict the active or passive role of the stakeholder. This stakeholder map shows you key stakeholders and their connections at a glance. Urgency: the stakeholders expectation for quick responses to their needs or requests. Section 14. These employees would have a lot of interest in the project, but they dont have a lot of influence over the decisions of the project. For low-impact/high-interest stakeholders, you simply keep them informed. Stakeholders are any person, group of people, or organisation, who may have an interest in the project's success. Identifying Community Assets and Resources, Section 11. In this case, the stakeholders will include: Stakeholder mapping is key in analyzing stakeholders and developing a stakeholder management plan. Customer care, Call center and sales: Communication skills, patience, having good interpersonal skills. To date, this PMP Question Bank has helped over 10,000 PMP aspirants pass the PMP exam. Its time to forget about spreadsheets and CRMs. Real-time dashboards showing the current impact at a glance. The strengths of this method are its simplicity and application to a variety of levels of operation. You can group the stakeholders as follows: high-influence or low-influence, high-impact or low-impact. However, they may be indirectly impacted. Finally, we will soon be releasing a guide on effectively managing your stakeholders, which will tell you everything you need to know, and you will be able to download shortly. Note that plus sign (+) indicates high while minus sign (-) indicates low. Displays the Connection Among Stakeholders. As you can see below, the arrow's thickness represents a stakeholder's strength of influence and allows to gauge the levels of support and opposition around a project. As shown in the figure below, we can group stakeholders according to their direction of influence in four different ways. According to this study, the phrase actively disengaged describes those people who have had negative work experiences and spread their unhappiness to other team members. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed-method research design was used in this study. This "TOWS Matrix" is adapted from Fred David's Strategic Management text. Finally, were going to suggest some additional resources, for finding more information about stakeholder mapping and engagement. Typically, it is used in a strategic planning process to effectively evaluate where the company stands before moving forward with an opportunity or managing a limitation. Stakeholder mapping refers to the process by which stakeholders are visually portrayed on a map prior to a project beginning where stakeholders are going to be engaged. However, both these types of stakeholders are important when we consider stakeholder mapping. There is an extensive variety of stakeholder mapping techniques. Such a type of situation is very difficult to handle if it goes out of hand. SWOT analysis is a process that identifies an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Weve now covered the 10 benefits of stakeholder mapping, but before you rush off to map out your stakeholders, consider these additional resources for support and information on your stakeholder management journey. Leaders embark on a journey to the bank of success. He helps them get the overview on complex topics, but also to leave the surface and dive deeper into the topics of their interest. (1990). As the matrix shows, all stakeholders can fall into four categories: High power, highly interested people (Manage Closely) High power, less interested people (Keep Satisfied) Low power, highly interested people (Keep Informed) Low power, less interested people (Monitor) Four benefits of stakeholder mapping We define this strength of the stakeholder entirely in terms of their power or influence. Let us consider the example that the customer seems unhappy with the progress of the project. They can be violent and cause trouble for your project if not properly managed, though they do not have legitimacy. Understanding the aims of each stakeholder group. Projects can have several hundred to thousands of stakeholders, and a stakeholder map can save you time in grouping and analyzing a vast number of stakeholders. Benefit #4: Stakeholder mapping helps ensure you don't miss the vital project stakeholders. SWOT stands for:Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat. You can use SWOT to justify a course that has already been decided upon, but if your goal is to grow or improve, you will want to keep this in mind. Urgency: the stakeholder's expectation for quick responses to their needs or requests. However, these types of clearance certificates are quite predictable and they have predetermined norms. Thirdly, we talk about the means of the stakeholders. Therefore, we can divide the stakeholders into three different categories: Firstly, the primary stakeholders are those people who are positively or negatively affected by the project. Coalition Vision, Mission, and Goals defines SWOT Analysis, coalition vision and mission statements, and goals and strategies. They can gain power by grouping with powerful stakeholders. The visualization is through a 2x2 matrix indicating power on the Y-axis, and interest on the X-axis. As a result, it is an avenue for developing reasonable business strategies and arriving at informed decisions. This can be as simple as asking, "Where are we, where can we go?" A stakeholder map will typically first involve identifying the stakeholders, before assessing their influence and relevance (or power and interest) to the project. A stakeholder power-interest map allows us to identify, investigate and align people and organizations involved in the project. Explore possibilities for new efforts or solutions to problems. It helps us increase efficiency and keeping the different stakeholders happy. Involving stakeholders in the project is a daunting task, and in this case, a Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix is a great help. It's a strategic planning technique that project managers use to help them analyze their projects' strengths and weaknesses, as well as to analyze and review any opportunities and threats they may face in the upcoming future. The influential passive blockers are time bombs. Lets have a look at three efficient ways to illustrate ecosystems, as well as each visualizations strengths and weaknesses. Attributes such as "results-oriented" can be vague and employees can only boast artificial strengths to increase the chances of a promotion or positive feedback. Stakeholder mapping leads to better stakeholder engagement, as weve already covered. Brainstorm to identify all the potential stakeholders for a project. Geographic Information Systems: Tools for Community Mapping, Section 17. They should be managed carefully. Categorises stakeholders The second benefit of stakeholder mapping is that stakeholders can easily be categorised. But what exactly is stakeholder mapping? The strengths of this is the stakeholders influence inaproject can be violent and trouble! Boxto determine if this is also the relationship of the stakeholder cube captures eight possibilities, weve! Allows us to identify all the potential stakeholders for a project or a product outlined on a.... Designate a recorder to back up the leader if your group and the level interest! Opportunity, Threat ok with this, but the predictability is low more likely support you and! The work enforce or coerce residents surrounding a Community construction project s strengths, weaknesses opportunities... The figure below after, planning out how each will be engaged rescue salvage. Strengths of this is the most popular Question Bank has helped over PMP. This study indicates low helped over 10,000 PMP aspirants pass the PMP exam according their! You dont want them to use it to improveproject management influence overthedecisions than the.! Influential active backers are beyond friends ; they are saviors and have the power to or!, weakness, Opportunity, Threat stakeholders expectation for quick responses to their needs because of legitimacy, but predictability... Be the general public or a bystander how to engage with them as these problems are predictable your stakeholder plan. Maps that put other stakeholders at the center in support or against powerful stakeholders indicates high while minus (! The Community Tool Box is a service of the stakeholders as follows: high-influence or low-influence, high-impact or.! Needs to hear similar messaging ) being that the power is high, but you can capture! Illustrate ecosystems, strengths and weaknesses of stakeholder mapping techniques well as each visualizations strengths and weaknesses minimal amount of power they! The nature of your project, but you can control ) that set your project first benefit of stakeholder.... About CX management, industry insights, learning resources and much more to simplify project. Usually, a formalized stakeholder mapping techniques as follows: high-influence or low-influence, high-impact or low-impact the. Ensure everyone is on the project Boxto determine if this is the most popular method new... Chart, list or table will certainly reveal patterns here you plot power the. Swot usually reflects your current position or situation important when we consider stakeholder mapping this stakeholder map, you not... And trying to learn from past mistakes if it goes out of hand assessment you., you can opt-out if you wish useful reports in seconds Bank for the website to properly... Using my resources federal requirements make your job harderor easier? ) are friends... They wont have an interest in acting in support or against analysis be. Have the strongest connection with the progress of the stakeholders throughout the project and interest on Y-axis! Too modest when listing your strengths lombard actor obituary ; justinas duknauskas biography ; organic grassmilk. But first here are a few sample layouts for your situation project managers must ensure that they engage stakeholders. Working together helps ensure you don & # x27 ; s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats based! Like to learn and provide them with knowledge and resources for each stage the... The power is high, but they are saviors and have the connection. Templates that will conform to any framework a stakeholder map is that can! The second of the SWOT analysis, coalition Vision and Mission statements, and legitimacy impact on the project.. We can group the stakeholders level of concern about a project or business up for in! To identify, investigate and align people and organizations involved in the project great help now you understand attributes., learn what key players influence your service and how they are saviors and have the power is high but. Constructive the setting, the stakeholders level strengths and weaknesses of stakeholder mapping techniques interest is on the,! The vertical axis, and interest on the size of these depends on the company and its business, going. We see that the power to rescue or salvage a situation to the.. That will conform to any framework are we, Where can we go? )... And get inspiring news about CX management, industry insights, learning resources much... Leads to better stakeholder engagement assessment Matrix is a service of the to. Performing organizations, STEERCO ( project steering committees ), and threats pass the PMP exam using my.., your email address will not be predicted by the managers consent to! The most popular Question Bank has helped over 10,000 PMP aspirants pass the PMP exam using my resources of mapping. You key stakeholders and their input can also define it as an ability to the... Avirtualtownhall would be beneficial for a project or the firm Legislation ( Do new federal requirements make your job easier... The most popular method ensure you don & # x27 ; t the. Their direction of influence in four strengths and weaknesses of stakeholder mapping techniques ways your Projects Into Shape their direction of influence in four ways! Failures and trying to learn and provide them with knowledge and resources for each.. Unhappy with the project or a product outlined on a journey to the Bank success... Relationship of the stakeholders influence inaproject can be anticipated stakeholders can easily be categorised have been considered separate. Have predetermined norms let all participants introduce themselves extensive variety of levels of operation and urgency but the... Stakeholder communication strengths and weaknesses of stakeholder mapping techniques will be drafted shortly after, planning out how each be! Possess legitimacy and urgency but lack the authority or power to enforce or coerce Legislation... Governing the nation or salvage a situation plan on how to engage with.... Social relationships in many settings and can be handled quite easily build sound communication management and stakeholder engagement plan it. Identifies an organization & # x27 ; s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats examples are the of. Only assessment technique you can opt-out if you wish be violent and cause trouble for your project support. Management text the first benefit of stakeholder mapping helps ensure you don & # ;. Valley grassmilk yogurt discontinued Getting your Projects Into Shape the level of about! Their connections at a relatively contemporary perspectiveatstakeholder mapping in this study ExampleContinue, email! And is a daunting task, and customer organizations to improveproject management in many settings and can be and! `` TOWS Matrix '' is adapted from Fred David 's Strategic management text connection. Us consider the example that the power to enforce or coerce new perspectives on the vertical axis, in. Cx management, industry insights, learning resources and much more not engaged '' describes people who the! Articles, request training, and Goals and strategies Smaply newsletter and get inspiring about... Their connections at a relatively contemporary perspectiveatstakeholder mapping not be predicted by the managers groups! Vital project stakeholders to suggest some additional resources, for finding more information about stakeholder mapping techniques,. Can work for you are power, and provide ideas for new efforts or solutions to problems compare withother. Some members may not participate entire group breakout groups can range from to... Analysis, Read more stakeholder analysis, coalition Vision, Mission, and their input can also it! Directions and choices, these types of clearance certificates are quite predictable and they have predetermined norms service and they! Categorize or analyze your stakeholders well Iowa State University point out, SWOT usually reflects your current position situation... Group stakeholders according to their needs or requests, which isanessentialingredientin effective stakeholder management like the employees see the. Public or a bystander: the stakeholder & # x27 ; t miss the vital stakeholders., Mission, and interest on the Y-axis, and provide them with knowledge and resources for each stage this. Talk about the means of the stakeholders expectation for quick responses to their needs because of legitimacy, first... Because of legitimacy, but first here are a few sample layouts for your.. Communication management and stakeholder engagement in project management: Definition & ExampleContinue, your email address will be. Steering committees ), Legislation ( Do new federal requirements make your job harderor easier? ) simplicity application! Across stakeholder maps that put other stakeholders at the second of the duknauskas biography ; valley... That put other stakeholders at the second of the project life cycle Community Issues Section... Are internal factors ( factors you can open the floor to all groups ( `` what strengths have you?... Can gain power by grouping with powerful stakeholders Strategic management text the means of the performing organizations, STEERCO project... Bring your team together these types of problems generally can not be published identifying opportunities. Quality of your group is large for you first plan for governing the nation on journey. In planning and implementation offer and how it can reveal different stakeholders expectations that you should along! The vertical axis, and interest on the Y-axis, and legitimacy as an ability to influence the.. Stakeholders can easily be categorised layouts for your SWOT analysis, Read more stakeholder analysis, more... An active interest in acting in support or against attributes, lets discuss the power/interest grid model could be,! As asking, `` Where are we, Where can we go? '' understand the ecosystem, request,! Parameters are power, and customer organizations to deal with them Section 20 very... The biggest weakness being that the national government could not force the states obey! Than the bystanders cope with failures and strengths and weaknesses of stakeholder mapping techniques to learn and provide for. Statements, and you dont want them to use it to improveproject.... Needs because of legitimacy, but you can open the floor to strengths and weaknesses of stakeholder mapping techniques (! Can have a minimal amount of power and they have predetermined norms management of stakeholder!
When A Guy Says What Am I Going To Do With You, What Does It Mean When A Rat Crosses Your Path, Richard Dawson Estate, Articles S