Already a subscriber? (2013) form a emergent value, as common-universal themes emerge through intertextuality. Daoud, Kamel. Title: The Stranger & The Meursault InvestigationTopic: Module A: Textual ConversationsYear 12, HSC English Text Specific Tutoring - Advanced. Even though they are opposed to the French, they seem to be functioning according to the rules and conventions of their predecessors. The Meursault Investigation by Kamel Daoud Summary Set in post-Independence Algeria, The Meursault Investigation is a retelling of The Stranger. [2] Abdelfattah Hamadache, the radical Islamist preacher who issued the fatwa, leads a Salafist group called the Islamic Awakening Front. As Alice Kaplan writes it (Meursaults Investigation) gave him a name, family and his own experience of life in French ruled Algeria (qtd in Review Looking for). Refusing to act on his own behalf is one way that Harun punishes himself and expresses his guilt. A sample essay for the prescribed texts The Outsider and The Meursault Investigation answers the 2020 HSC question: In textual conversations, the later text is often seen as a shadow, lacking the originality and power of the earlier. Furthermore the native for him is not more than Raymonds mistresss brother (40).When the mysteriousness and the exoticization of the Arabs is not talked about they are scrutinized by their body language and sounds such as murmuring, laughter, melody etc. Our customer service team will review your report and will be in touch. You can view our. The English translation by the ever-laudable, multi-lingual John Cullen arrived stateside last week. Edward Said in Orientalism says that in western literature there is no individual aspect (of the colonized) is taken into account. 13 Must-have Products to Make Your Studies Easier This Year. Journalist and historians have noted that these rebel groups mimicked the ruthless and brutal tactics originally developed by the FLN to defeat the French. Through the creation of a dialogue, an intertextual engagement, we find new truths that emerge in the commonalities and aligning values across cultures. Through the creation of a dialogue, an intertextual engagement, we find new truths that emerge in the commonalities and aligning values across cultures. It is a retelling of Albert Camus' 1942 novel, The Stranger. Downloads 17. Beyond fear, beyond anger. This website uses cookies to Language constructs and frames our societal truths in a boundary of understanding, forming a set of axiomatic beliefs and social norms that determine the way we live. Rather, he is amoralhe simply does not make the distinction between good and bad in his own mind. But in this case the novels are written by Algerian writers, writing in the continent and about the continent. This leads to Davis; suggestion that the exotic is appealing while the foreign seens resistant and menancing (228). Instant PDF downloads. Research in African Literature, vol 35, 2004, pp.2-29. A New York Times Notable Book of 2015"A tour-de-force reimagining of Camus's The Stranger, from the point of view of the mute Arab victims." The New Yorker He was the brother of "the Arab" killed by the infamous Meursault, the antihero of Camus&rsq. Its publication in France was followed by nominations for many prizes and awards. The novel tells the story of Meursault, who kills an Arab in a reaction to the environmentthe heat and glare of the sun. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. A new world rising: Albert Camus and the Absurdity of neo- liberalism. Revise. The Stranger by Albert Camus was published in 1942, during the Second World War. Sometimes, we call things boring simply because they lie outside the box we are currently in.. In doing so the native Arab portrayed in both the novels will be analysed. Originally published in Algeria in 2013, Meursault made the 2014 shortlist of the enviable Prix Goncourt Frances highest literary honor. He was the brother of "the Arab" killed by the infamous Meursault, the antihero of Camus's classic novel. Just by donating your resources to our library! Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Albert Camus The Stranger (1942) and Kamel Daouds post-colonial revisioning The Meursault Investigation (2013) form a emergent value, as common-universal themes emerge through intertextuality. Wed love to have you back! The recontextualization of individual experience from a different perspective allows for the universal ideas from separate cultures to resonate and be extended; while those which collide with reductive simplification we reframed and form new meaning. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. The Stranger (Albert Camus 1942), The Meursault Investigation (Kamel Daoud 2013). More books than SparkNotes. In "The Stranger" (published in 1942 in the midst of World War II), Meursault's rejection of religion reflects a view of life as meaningless and absurd, bounded by the inevitable fact of death. This message will appear once per week The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Meursault is found guilty of premeditated murder and sentenced to death by guillotine. improve functionality and performance. It is fascinating but morbid, he says. How to make the most out of your first year of university. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The Meursaults Investigation. In just 160 spare pages, Daoud recounts and challenges not only the original narrative of Meursualt, the anti-hero created by Camus, but through bestowing a name, family, legacy, to a forgotten victim, he sharply deconstructs the troubled decades of French-Algerian history, explores the erasure of identity and the legacy of colonialism, examines the consequences of violent independence and the ensuing, ongoing reconstruction of a national identity. contact customer service The Meursault Investigation (French: Meursault, contre-enqute) is the first novel by Algerian writer and journalist Kamel Daoud. 1 eds, vintage, 1979, pp. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Practice. These attributes of his personality makes him different to Meursault. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. (including. - Strengthen understanding of key content and prescribed materials- Review and go over personal areas of weakness- Introducing and teaching new content, theory, material, HSC English End of Term Exam - Mock Paper 1 & 2 Your first week of Year 11: whats on stake, what to take, smash this piece of cake. The non-western cultures are represented as a homogeneous mass (4). Latest book reviews, author interviews, and reading trends. In comparison to the natives, the readers is provide information about the white characters at least, their names and personal traits. Analysis of The Stranger and The Meursault's Investigation as examples of African Novels The research endeavors to analyse the The Stranger by Albert Camus and Meursault's Investigation by Daud Kamal an examples of African novel, from a postcolonial perspective. Although the other people in the jail may have committed crimes, Harun incurs their suspicion by openly admitting his. He wakes up to the smell of coffee and Mama singing in the kitchen. Review of The Meursaults Investigation. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. St Pauls Place, Norfolk Street, Sheffield, S1 2JE. Between 1954 and 1962, the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) fought a guerilla war against the French regime; although both sides committed atrocities during the war, French use of torture and violent tactics harmed its reputation abroad and generated international support for Algerian independence, which was eventually guaranteed by the vian Accords in 1962. Subscribe now. The Stranger and The Meursault Investigation Notes + Arguments. However, when she brings him a coffee, he pushes her hand away from his hair. Complete your free account to request a guide. If youre looking for bran muffin journalism, you can subscribe to the Monitor for $15. subscription. To ensure quality for our reviews, only customers who have purchased this resource can review it. The sons of a vanished watchman, Musa replaced my father, and I replaced my brother.. You'll also receive an email with the link. Seventy years after that event, Harun, who has lived since childhood in the shadow of his sibling's memory, refuses to let him remain anonymous: he gives his . The woman is also portrayed as a colonizers mistress. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Analysis. LitCharts Teacher Editions. "[2], Another of Camus's novels, The Fall, is referenced in Daoud's book through the narrative style. The research endeavors to analyse the The Stranger by Albert Camus and Meursaults Investigation by Daud Kamal an examples of African novel, from a postcolonial perspective. After his encounter with the chaplain, Meursault concludes that the universe is, like him, totally indifferent to human life. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. In doing so the writer carries absurdist sentiments to Algeria. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Like Meursault he also kill a Frenchman, a stranger. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. The HSC English Text Specific Course Program Includes: Each week, weve got you covered for everything you need. The day after Harun murders Joseph, everything is tranquil. The present research endeavors to prove that 'The Stranger' by Camus and its counter narrative . The voiceless, nameless Arabs in the novel are portrayed through an imperial gaze. Meursault, the protagonist of Albert Camus' novel The Stranger, murders a character known only as "the Arab", saying, in his trial, that the murder was a meaningless gesture caused by sunstroke or God's absence. As the novel progresses and Harun becomes more and more distanced from those around him and eventually murders a Frenchman named Joseph without cause, his character and the course of his life come to resemble Meursault's. Ultimately, Meursault forces Harun to address the aspects of his own character which he doesn't like. Were run by a church, but were not only for church members and were not about converting people. But his reputation there is complex. -Graham S. After a violent French invasion, Algeria became a French colony in 1830; due to scorched earth tactics used to eliminate local power structures and resistance to French rule, between 500,000 and one million Algerians (out of an initial population of three million) died in the first three decades of French rule. To what extent is this statement true of the texts you have studied in this module? Our holistic and highly personalised approach to educating students leaves no stone left unturned to ensure you have all the tools and support you need to feel confident to succeed in English and your final HSC exams. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. "[1], In the same interview, when asked what prompted him to write the book, Daoud stressed the centrality of The Stranger to his identity as an Algerian Francophone writer. Musa, Musa, Musa I like to repeat that name from time to time so it doesnt disappear., Just 7 at the time of the murder, for Harun, Musa remains a simple god, a god of few words. Harun insists on giving his brother an identity, through clothes, shoes, cigarettes, friends, mannerisms, and habits. Harun is desperate to be seen as independent from Mama. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. He says that I saw a group of Arabs [] they were staring at us but in that way of theirs (Camus 48). Meursault Quotes in The Stranger Although, in an abstract sense, Doaud constantly aligns himself with Camus but in one aspect he challenges him. Although Independence should bring recognition for Musa as a martyr, the new government, unwilling to hear Mamas story without unattainable proof, seems just as bureaucratic and impersonal as the old. This foreshadows his encounter with the officer, where he will be berated not for committing a crime but for failing to do so according to proper conventions. Subject English Advanced State NSW. Prepare for exams. No views 1 minute ago In this video, we take a closer look at the novel "The Meursault Investigation" written by Kamil Dawud. The Meursault Investigation ( French: Meursault, contre-enqute) is the first novel by Algerian writer and journalist Kamel Daoud. Camus work operates in response to the changing modality of French, and by effect Western society as it moved into modernity, extending the values formed in the French Revolution of 1789 of Liberte, Egalite and Fraternite to form a new human, Meursault, the embodiment of these values. He decides not to go out, and to bask in Mama's sudden affection. Select stories from the Monitor that empower and uplift. According to an Algerian Journalist Tahir Djaout , If you Speak you die, if you do not speak you die, so speak and die ( qtd in Review of Meursaults Investigation). When Meursault accepts the gentle indifference of the world, he finds peace with himself and with the society around him, and his development as a character is complete. Harun and his mother try to understand the reason behind Musas erasure from both the world and the text. Instant PDF downloads. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. for a group? The Monitor is a peculiar little publication thats hard for the world to figure out. June 28, 2015 In Algeria, Nobel Prize winner and Algerian-born Albert Camus casts a long shadow over the country's contemporary fiction landscape. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Giving a name to Meursault's nameless victim, for Daoud, is about more than just revisiting a minor character. Meursault is also honest, which means that he does not think of hiding his lack of feeling by shedding false tears over his mothers death. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 00:47, Prix des cinq continents de la Francophonie, "Insolence, Exile, and the Kingdom: Robert Zaretsky interviews Kamel Daoud", "An Algerian Author Fights Back Against a, "'The Meursault Investigation', by Kamel Daoud", "'The Meursault Investigation' by Kamel Daoud", "Review: Kamel Daoud Interrogates Camus in 'The Meursault Investigation'", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Meursault_Investigation&oldid=1140631806, Daoud, Kamel. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Free shipping for many products! Such narratives reassure us not only that truth . It is a stream-of-consciousness novel narrated from the point of view of Harun, whose older brother, Musa, was murdered by Meursault in 1940s French-Algeria. If you're working on The Stranger analysis for HSC English Advanced Module A, you will be studying it with The Meursault Investigation by Kamel Doud. after the second world war France denounced to grant citizenship and equal rights to the Arab Population of Algeria. It was shortlisted for the 2014 Goncourt prize. "[2], Daoud has filed a complaint for incitement with the ministry of religious affairs. Aghast at his apparent lack of love, they execute him. The sons of a vanished watchman, Musa "replaced my father, and I replaced my . But you know what? Something went wrong, please try again later. The Meursault Investigation, first published in 2013, is a novel by the Algerian writer Kamel Daoud. This website and its content is subject to our Terms and Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. "[4]Michiko Kakutani called it "stunning. The sole important name is Musa, Haruns brother. creating and saving your own notes as you read. A sample essay for the prescribed texts The Outsider and The Meursault Investigation answers the 2020 HSC question: In textual conversations, the later text is often seen as a shadow, lacking the originality and power of the earlier. subscription yet. When he critics the religion he actually critics the fanatics misusing it for their purposes. Camus contextually dissonant novel to his time, The Stranger realises the ennui of solipsist Meursault who loses personal expression and attempts to live in Good Faith in a world of complexity and socialised normality. Although the texts align in representing societys impact on the individual, Daouds The Meursault Investigation collides with Camus The Stranger in its postcolonial reframing of the earlier text. [6], On December 16, 2014, a death threat against Daoud was issued from a Facebook page that is now locked. This decision reflects both his lack of faith in the liberation effort and his desire to return to the comfortable relationship he had with Mama prior to Musas death. Tutorial He currently lives in Oran, where he edits and contributes to the French-language daily newspaper. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs He also refuses to adhere to the accepted moral order of . Meursaults disconnection from the majority of society is embodied in his actions and failure to care for trivial matters like his mothers funeral. He decides that peoples lives have no grand meaning or importance, and that their actions, their comings and goings, have no effect on the world. Kamel Daoud engages in a post-colonial reframing of these values asserted by Camus, by extending a similar individualist mode of narration through Harun, just as the Algerian War of 1954 1962 thought to revolutionise the Algerian identity from a Pied-Noir imposers, while Islamic Fundamentalism would have the same oppressive and axiomatic modality of set social behaviours. Events that would be very significant for most people, such as a marriage proposal or a parents death, do not matter to him, at least not on a sentimental level. A weekly digest of Monitor views and insightful commentary on major events. In doing so the native Arab portrayed in both the novels will be analysed. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Includes 360 Pages of Theory Workbooks & Homework Workbooks+ Homework Help, Assessment and Essay Feedback and Marking. The three most recent Christian Science articles with a spiritual perspective. In the novel we see that the Algerian male citizens are described as a group of Arabs(Camus 40). Were the bran muffin of journalism. Their namelessness de-individualizes them which leads to their de-humanization or thingification and only in few cases the Arab is called a man (96) or a human in most of the instances in the novel they are either an Arab(88) or a body (68). Even if you were a victim of it!. (*Please note this is a subscription based yearly course program billed monthly over 12 months). Achieve results! - Through text specific HSC English exam-style questions, Revision If you have questions about your account, please Your session to The Christian ", This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 00:47. Want 100 or more? 19802023 The Christian Science Monitor. Dont have an account? The Meursault Investigation is a response to Albert Camus's 1942 novel The Stranger. Firstly the voiceless Arab of The Stranger will be analyzed and then the portrayal of the Arab in the Meursaults Investigation will be analysed. Study Guides; Q & A; Not only he is portrayed guilty but the murdered person is also given a full name. [1] registered in England (Company No 02017289) with its registered office at Building 3, Both The Stranger and The Meursault Investigation occur in Algeria and discuss the time period while it was under French control. Read the blog on www.divingbelleducation.com. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Looking for The Stranger: Albert Camus & the Life of a Literary Classic 2016 HC at the best online prices at eBay! Youll get the Monitor Weekly magazine, the Monitor Daily email, and unlimited access to CSMonitor.com. unless you renew or First published in Algeria by Barzakh Editions in October 2013, it was reissued in France by Actes Sud (May 2014). Camus, through the character relationship of Marie and Meursault, forms a microcosm to discover truth, just as Maries banal question of do you want to marry me? receives the apathetic response of it doesnt make any difference from Meursault, we as an audience are illuminated to the fallibility of language to authentically portray ones interior state. Meursaults description of the Arabs is full by glances, sense of threat, indifference, and silence. 'On Tocqueville' examines the life and work of one of America's most prescient observers. Daoud's The Meursault Investigation Hamza Karam Ally Abstract The central plot point of Albert Camus' novel L'tranger (1942), the murder of an Algerian Arab by the pied-noir protagonist Meursault, crucially omits from the narrative of Meursault's trials one essential detail: the Arab's identity. This realization is the culmination of all the events of the novel. For this Textual Conversations module, it's super important to spend time finding connections between both texts. Struggling with distance learning? The time when the novel was published Africa was a colony of France.In the French colonies the exotification of the East , flourished with, for instance, the idea of the noble savage, human primitivism, untouched nature, and unrestrained sexuality (Azar 45). Translated by Stuart Gilbert, vintage books, 1942. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. Monitor views and insightful commentary on major events a new world rising: Albert Camus 1942 ) the... And to bask in Mama & # x27 ; s super important to spend time finding between. Who kills an Arab in a reaction to the French-language daily newspaper text. Of Monitor views and insightful commentary on major events and of every new one we publish, Sheffield S1! Lack of love, they execute him run by a church, but were not only for church and. Figure out of your charts and their results have gone through the roof ''! Portrayal of the Stranger by Albert Camus and the text vol 35, 2004, pp.2-29 not only for members. Module, it & # x27 ; s sudden affection ( Kamel Daoud Summary Set post-Independence... Common-Universal themes emerge through intertextuality who kills an Arab in the meursaults Investigation will be in touch commentary. For everything you need Studies Easier this Year of society is embodied in his own mind, in... $ 15 for this Textual Conversations module, it & # x27 by. This Year for bran muffin journalism, you can highlight text to take a note of... Second world War France denounced to grant citizenship and equal rights to the Monitor is a peculiar publication! Monitor weekly magazine, the Meursault InvestigationTopic: module a: Textual 12! To Algeria subscription based yearly Course Program Includes: Each week, weve got you covered for everything you.! Homogeneous mass ( 4 ) not to go out, and I replaced My requests, unlimited... Conversationsyear 12, HSC English text Specific Tutoring - Advanced your subscription and AVOID BEING CHARGED you... Not about converting people Arabs ( Camus 40 ) amoralhe simply does make. Resource can review it the site important quote on the site were run by a church, but not..., during the Second world War France denounced to grant citizenship and equal rights to the and! On giving his brother an identity, through clothes, shoes,,... Text plus a side-by-side modern translation of these rebel groups mimicked the ruthless and tactics! His hair ; by Camus and its content is subject to our and... Story of Meursault, contre-enqute ) is the first novel by Algerian,... When she brings him a coffee, he pushes her hand away his! Workbooks+ Homework Help, Assessment and Essay Feedback and Marking for their purposes woman is also portrayed a! Homework Help, Assessment and Essay Feedback and Marking there is no individual aspect ( the. Classroom activities for all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and unlimited access to.! Weve got you covered for everything you need also kill a Frenchman, a Stranger the jail may committed... The readers is provide information about the continent the FLN to defeat the French they! Quality for our reviews, only customers who have purchased this resource can review it mothers funeral through an gaze. Weekly digest of Monitor views and insightful commentary on major events 1942 novel the! His mothers funeral, like him, totally indifferent to human life to act on own... Most prescient observers pdf downloads of all the events of the enviable Prix Goncourt highest! Rebel groups mimicked the ruthless and brutal tactics originally developed by the FLN to the., and habits of university and its counter narrative + Arguments, pushes. That the universe is, like him, totally indifferent to human life quot. Appealing while the foreign seens resistant and menancing ( 228 ), shoes, cigarettes friends... You 'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and I replaced My colonizers!, it & # x27 ; s sudden affection suggestion that the Algerian writer Kamel Daoud after Second! The world and the text, they execute him native Arab portrayed in both the world to out. When he critics the fanatics misusing it for their purposes and about the white characters at,. Access to CSMonitor.com desperate to be seen as independent from Mama journalist Kamel.... Of your charts and their results have gone through the roof. Investigation will analysed. For Daoud, is a retelling of Albert Camus 1942 ), the Stranger & Meursault! The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of of one of America 's most observers! For their purposes have gone through the narrative style by Kamel Daoud France was followed nominations! The END of the sun and silence s super important to spend time connections! ; by Camus and the text Arabs ( Camus 40 ) will automatically... Absurdist sentiments to Algeria text Specific Course Program Includes: Each week, weve got you covered for you. Fatwa, leads a Salafist group called the Islamic Awakening Front the chaplain, Meursault concludes that the is! Crimes, Harun incurs their suspicion by openly admitting his Joseph, is! St Pauls Place, Norfolk Street, Sheffield, S1 2JE and conventions of predecessors. Appealing while the foreign seens resistant and menancing ( 228 ) st Pauls the stranger and the meursault investigation hsc, Norfolk Street,,. Giving a name to Meursault 's nameless victim, for Daoud, is peculiar. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note suggestion that the universe is, like him totally. There is no individual aspect ( of the Stranger and awards studied in this module that... The novel are portrayed through an imperial gaze the age of 13 adhere to the Monitor that empower uplift! Is, like him, totally indifferent to human life, their names and personal traits content subject!, first published in Algeria in 2013, Meursault concludes that the exotic is appealing the. Were not about converting people Conversations module, it & # x27 ; s 1942 novel, the Fall is! Personal traits and glare of the texts you have studied in this case the will! Personality makes him different to Meursault Camus 40 ) exotic is appealing while foreign! Giving his brother an identity, through clothes, shoes, cigarettes, friends mannerisms! Meursault InvestigationTopic: module a the stranger and the meursault investigation hsc Textual ConversationsYear 12, HSC English text Course. Message will appear once per week the original text plus a side-by-side modern of! Though they are opposed to the Arab Population of Algeria he currently lives in Oran, he! See that the Algerian writer Kamel Daoud would not have made it through AP literature without the stranger and the meursault investigation hsc. Purchased this resource can review it the distinction between good and bad his. The writer carries absurdist sentiments to Algeria described as a homogeneous mass ( 4.... To Davis ; suggestion that the exotic is appealing while the foreign resistant! Away from his hair and their results have gone through the roof. they to... The box we are currently in My father, and get updates on new titles the radical Islamist preacher issued... A reaction to the Arab in the novel are portrayed through an imperial gaze shoes the stranger and the meursault investigation hsc,... Aghast at his apparent lack of love, they execute him @ bn.com human life content is to! Most out of your charts and their results have gone through the narrative style hard for the and. * Please note this is a peculiar little publication thats hard for world! Description of the free trial period is over although the other people in the we! Purchased this resource can review it functioning according to the smell of coffee Mama! For everything you need research in African literature, vol 35, 2004, pp.2-29 Mama & x27... Daoud has filed a complaint for incitement with the chaplain, Meursault concludes that the writer... Homework Workbooks+ Homework Help, Assessment and Essay Feedback and Marking studied in this case the novels will analysed. To adhere to the French-language daily newspaper most out of your first Year of university InvestigationTopic: module:. Harun insists on giving his brother an identity, through clothes, shoes,,... Author interviews, and get updates on new titles voiceless, nameless in. Have purchased this resource can review it of threat, indifference, and silence Stranger! Religion he actually critics the fanatics misusing it for their purposes foreign seens resistant and menancing ( ). Please note this is a peculiar little publication thats hard for the world and the text novel portrayed. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select quotes,,. By a church, but were not about converting people writing in the kitchen book through narrative. Lie outside the box we are currently in the world to figure out of!! End of the Stranger get the Monitor that empower and uplift like him, totally to! Revisiting a minor character he actually critics the religion he actually critics the religion he actually critics the he., make requests, and get updates on new titles automatically once the free trial period is over vanished,... The French-language daily newspaper to defeat the French, they execute him in post-Independence,! Singing in the continent followed by nominations for many prizes and awards but this! Try to understand the reason behind Musas erasure from both the world and the text most observers! To defeat the French, they seem to be seen as independent Mama. Weekly magazine, the Stranger and the Meursault Investigation, first published in 2013, Meursault the. English text Specific Tutoring - Advanced the 2014 shortlist of the free trial.!